Tuesday, January 19, 2010

Airbus RFID

Airbus continues execution of its RFID strategy for parts tracking. ...

... "The A350XWB will be the first Airbus aircraft to use the passive RFID tags on flyable parts. " ...


Via Avionics Mag: Airbus RFID Order

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Tuesday, December 01, 2009

SMARTRAC RFID Vehicle Identification Project

SMARTRAC N.V. will participate in a RFID-enabled traffic management project in the Philippines which will improve traffic congestion, passenger safety, and driving law compliance. ...

... "The project, which employs long range passive RFID tags for identification of vehicles, is one of the first country-wide implementations of RFID technology for traffic management in the world. Stradcom Corporation, one of the largest private sector suppliers to government information technology projects in the Philippines, was awarded the Information Technology Project from the Philippine Department of Transportation and the Land Transportation Office (DOTC-LTO). The project is expected to improve traffic flow, help enforce traffic law and increase vehicle security. " ...


Via SMARTRAC: Philippine vehicle identification project

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Monday, May 05, 2008

Passive Radio Frequency Identification (pRFID)

Federal government opens request for proposal for passive RFID solutions. ...

... "The Government requires commercially available state-of-the-art Passive RFID EPC Class 1, Gen 2, communications hardware, software, documentation, training, warranty service, and maintenance to provide a common, integrated structure for logistics tracking, locating, and monitoring of assets for users. In addition, the Government requires technical engineering services, including turnkey solutions integrating existing AIT and Active RFID with Passive technology to ensure the users have the capabilities to integrate technologies to accomplish a transparent solution. Passive RFID EPC, Class 1, Gen 2, technology will provide standardization and interoperability amongst Government users of Passive RFID EPC technology. " ...


Via Federal Business Opportunities: 70--Passive Radio Frequency Identification (pRFID)

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Wednesday, February 14, 2007

DOD RFID Final Rule Adopted

DOD adopts final RFID rule and will require the use of Gen-2 RFID tags. ...

Department of Defense DOD issues final RFID rule

... "DoD has adopted as final, with changes, an interim rule amending the Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (DFARS) to include additional commodities and locations that require package marking with passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. The rule requires contractors to affix passive RFID tags at the case and palletized unit load levels when shipping packaged petroleum, lubricants, oils, preservatives, chemicals, additives, construction and barrier materials, and medical materials to specified DoD locations.

RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (FEB 2007)

(a) Passive RFID tag means a tag that reflects energy from the reader / interrogator or that receives and temporarily stores a small amount of energy from the reader/interrogator signal in order to generate the tag response.
(1) Until February 28, 2007, the acceptable tags are --

(i) EPC Class 0 passive RFID tags that meet the EPCglobal Class 0 specification; and (ii) EPC Class 1 passive RFID tags that meet the EPCglobal Class 1 specification. This includes both the Generation 1 and Generation 2 Class 1 specifications.

(2) Beginning March 1, 2007, the only acceptable tags are EPC Class 1 passive RFID tags that meet the EPCglobal Class 1 Generation 2 specification. Class 0 and Class 1 Generation 1 tags will no longer be accepted after February 28, 2007. " ...


Via Federal Register: Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; Radio Frequency Identification (DFARS Case 2006-D002)

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Sunday, October 15, 2006

RFID Battery-Assist Passive Tag: Supports Logistics and Manufacturing ...

Intelleflex RFID tags can be used by logistics companies and in manufacturing in long-range, battery-assisted mode for real-time inventory tracking of assemblies in the warehouses. The RFID system can automatically generate a proof of shipment when assemblies are shipped. When used in maintenance operations in passive mode, companies can realize significant benefits from having actionable manufacturing and repair history data in the 64Kb user memory of the RFID tag at the point of use. ...

... "Intelleflex's InfoSure tags and the I-Beam reader are multi-protocol, ensuring global interoperability using EPC standards. InfoSure tags can be used as passive C1G2 tags with any other C1G2 reader or used in the battery-assisted passive mode at long ranges with the I-Beam reader. InfoSure tags offer up to 100-meter read/write range in free space, which translates to 100 percent read/write reliability at standard working ranges in industrial environments. They also offer 64 kb user memory, which is segmented into 1 kb blocks so they can be independently protected for read/write access through passwords. The I-Beam reader can read any EPC C1G2 tag as well as the Class 3 InfoSure tag. Initial product shipments of both the tags and readers are targeted for asset management, yard management, manufacturing and zonal access control applications. " ...


Via Intelleflex Corporation: Intelleflex Announces Availability of its RFID Battery-Assisted Passive Tag and Reader Products ...

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Tuesday, October 10, 2006

DOD RFID Dept of Defense Implementation Enablers

ODIN Technologies shares some of the key ingredients (Accuracy and Implementation Speed) to enabling their successful implementation of RFID technology in the DOD supply chain. The Dept of Defense has strict read rate accuracy requirements that ODIN had to meet with limited technology capabilities at that time. In addition, ODIN perfected an implementation methodology for the DOD that improved the speed of delivery while sustaining performance quality. ...

... "DoD is modernizing its logistics system to better support the warfighter. Passive RFID is at the center of that transformation. It is a core element of the DoD's force transformation initiative designed to create a more agile military. However, if the tags and readers do not communicate reliably, the benefits will not materialize. After years of planning, the DLA needed a highly accurate RFID network established rapidly.

...

Accuracy: DoD expected its RFID system to be an order of magnitude more sophisticated than what was currently being deployed. Boundaries relative to read-rates and performance were strict, unlike many retailers who have toyed with trial-and-error methods. Rather than just attempt to read a single pallet tag, the DoD demanded 20 Gen 1.0 and Gen 2.0 RFID tags be affixed to cases and read as they come through a dock door - 100% accurately. This required scientific precision when designing and configuring the RFID network. Each portal was tested 10 times for that performance criteria. The DoD has shown RFID will reduce costs, increase supply visibility and streamline its entire supply chain, from the factory-to-the-foxhole. However, it can only do this if the RFID system is accurate and reliable.

...

Implementation Methods and Speed: Eighteen facilities spanning the continental U.S. (CONUS) were evaluated, solutions designed, installed and tested to 100% accuracy in under 130 days. " ...


Via ODIN Technologies: DOD Case Study (PDF) ...

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Friday, September 01, 2006

RFID Plastic Pallet Real-Time Tracking ...

Plastic pallet with RFID enables real-time tracking in the supply chain. ...

... "Under the agreement, Xterprise will use both its RFID Asset Management application—which is built on it's TraX Application Server (TAS)—and it's AnalytiX RFID business intelligence application for iGPS' plastic pallet pool. Xterprise will be responsible for RFID-centric software applications, RFID best practices and RFID infrastructure integration. Xterprise will supply iGPS with Electronic Product Code (EPC) passive RFID tags, using the recently released EPC Reusable Transport Item (RTI) standard tag data format. As part of this long-term relationship, Xterprise will work closely with iGPS' other industry-leading partners such as Ryder System, Inc.

The agreement will enable iGPS to respond to demand from industries such as beverages, consumer electronics, grocery/consumer packaged goods, home improvement/do-it-yourself, pharmaceutical, produce/meat and raw ingredients. The powerful advantages of iGPS' edge-rackable plastic pallets include their greater durability, consistent size, shape and quality, superior hygiene and traceability. iGPS is the only large-scale pallet supply service to provide RFID in every pallet to track shipments in real time, which reduces the logistical cost of shipping and allows companies to verify food and drug safety, as well as to address security issues. iGPS offers the ability to rent plastic pallets and avoid the ongoing expense of owning and maintaining wood pallets." ...


RFID Plastic Pallet Real-Time Tracking: Via Xterprise: iGPS ANNOUNCES AGREEMENT WITH XTERPRISE INCORPORATED TO PROVIDE BUILT-IN RFID-TRACKING CAPABILITY FOR ALL-PLASTIC PALLET POOL ...

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Saturday, July 01, 2006

RFID Oracle EdgeServer Success ...

Noel SA, South American CPG company, successfully uses Oracle RFID edge services to understand the application of RFID to logistics business processes. ...

... "Noel SA used RFID-enabled Oracle Warehouse Management (WMS), part of the Oracle E-Business Suite, as the logistics platform for the pilot, which included tagging 2,000 pallets of Ducales cookies that were sent to the distribution center in Medell? Colombia. Noel SA used Oracle Sensor Edge Server, a component of Oracle Fusion Middleware, to connect and manage all the devices on the RFID system, including tag printers and readers. Data captured from the system was processed by Oracle WMS and synchronized with the Oracle enterprise resource planning (ERP) applications. Each pallet received a passive RFID tag, which included important order information such as the lot number and product expiration date.

Noel completes Oracle RFID pilot ...

The RFID-tagged pallets were read throughout the supply chain from the production floor to the final distribution center to ensure proper delivery of orders. Once the pallet arrived at the distribution center of Medell? it was read again to reconcile the sales order and fulfillment information held in the Oracle order management system. At the conclusion of the pilot, Noel SA uncovered that the bar code process prior to the RFID pilot was being executed incorrectly, rendering inventory and shipment data inaccurate. Noel SA gained valuable visibility into its operations such as inventory management and order fulfillment using RFID. The company plans to begin the roll out of a full-scale RFID system in the future. " ...

Via Oracle: Noel SA Successfully Completes RFID Pilot Based on Oracle Solutions

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Monday, June 12, 2006

Hoboken RFID Parking Permits ...

Hoboken implements RFID technology solution to enable efficient parking permit process ...
Hoboken implements software, mobile computers, and RFID technology to enable better management of residential parking permits. ...

... "Hoboken is one of the first municipalities in the United States to implement RFID in this way. Hoboken parking enforcement officers were finding it difficult to distinguish the permits of residents with extended parking privileges from those of city visitors with more limited privileges tinted windows, weather conditions and inconsistent permit placement were all challenges. As residential Hoboken parking permits become more valuable, officers have also noticed a rise in illegally issued and counterfeit permits. The combination of PayLock's RFID Permit Management software running on Symbol RFID rugged mobile computers enables Hoboken parking officers to rapidly read the parking permit information stored on the RFID tag, allowing them to easily identify illegally parked vehicles and those using counterfeit permits.

The city of Hoboken's solution consists of Symbol MC9000-G RFID mobile computers running PayLock software to read Symbol passive RFID tagged parking permits. With this integrated solution, Hoboken parking enforcement officials can do away with the laborious car-by-car inspections that were previously needed to determine whether a permit was real or counterfeit. The RFID tags, which are embedded in the parking permits, contain an identification number that is stored in a permit database. This database holds the information on the vehicle and the type of permit issued, defining where a vehicle can legally park. Valid tags and associated information are synchronized to the Symbol mobile computers daily, allowing parking officers to validate if a car is permitted to park in a particular location at a particular time. PayLock's RFID Permit Management software also allows the city of Hoboken to greatly reduce the cost and effort associated with issuing new permits every year permit holders are now able to renew online through a 24/7 call center and have their existing permit extended immediately. " ...

Hoboken RFID Parking Permits: Via Symbol Technologies: Symbol RFID Solution Helps City of Hoboken Battle Parking Permit Counterfeiting: Innovative RFID Solution Helps Manage City Parking Demands ...

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Saturday, March 04, 2006

RFID Marks and Spencer Trial ...

Marks and Spencer continues its progress in trial of RFID technology. ...

... "Marks and Spencer is extending its trial of item-level passive RFID tags, called the Intelligent Label Project. " ...

Via CIE: Components in Electronics: M&S extends RFID trial ...

Marks and Spencer goes to market with a disposable RFID intelligent label. ...

... "Marks & Spencer is trialling RFID within the supply chain as the next generation of barcode. In that application, RFID uses tags (a tag is a microchip combined with an antenna) to wirelessly transmit product item numbers. These item numbers are unique to each product (unlike barcodes, which only unique to the product type). The tags developed for the garment trial are contained within throwaway paper labels called Intelligent Labels. The RFID tags can be read over a short distance by a remote scanner. Traditional optical scanners, used with barcodes, require each barcode to be held a few centimetres from the scanner: with RFID Marks & Spencer is trialling scanners that can operate at a distance of up to approximately half a metre. The scanner can read the tags simultaneously, and at speed, allowing regular updating of stock information. " ...

RFID Marks and Spencer Trial: Via Marks & Spencer: BACKGROUND TO MARKS & SPENCER'S BUSINESS TRIAL OF RFID IN ITS CLOTHING SUPPLY CHAIN ...

M&S meets with success and extends the trial to more stores and increases functional capability to leverage RFID technology in prevention of stock-outs. ...

Marks & Spencer: Marks & Spencer's business trial of RFID in its clothing supply chain: "Marks & Spencer is trialling Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) within its supply chain as the next generation barcode. We are using technology responsibly to give a better service to our customers through improved product availability. During 2004 an item level RFID trial on men's suits was conducted across nine stores. From Spring 2006, the number of stores participating in the trial will extend from nine to 53. Product availability is a key issue for customers, the extension of this trial will help us to investigate the potential of RFID further. "

Marks & Spencer: MARKS & SPENCER DEVELOPS INTELLIGENT CLOTHING: "Marks & Spencer is the largest retailer of clothing in the U.K and has pioneered many innovations in technology, such as Lycra and the machine Washable Suit. RFID tagging of garments will be one of the earliest applications of this technology in the world. Marks & Spencer has won a funding package from the Department of Trade & Industry to help develop this project. The DTI chose Marks & Spencer to develop RFID in retailing because it sells only own brand products and has an integrated supply chain, which will allow broad and deep research. RFID tags in clothing labels will hold information on a microchip, which will give each garment a unique serial number. This will enable Marks & Spencer to manage its stock more effectively in stores and throughout its distribution chain. When the RFID tag is scanned the information is stored in a database giving Marks & Spencer a complete overview of stock management. "

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Friday, January 27, 2006

RFID Zapper ...

RFID zapper uses electromagnetic field to over-power and disable the RFID tag, rendering it useless. ...

... "RFID-Zapper, a hacked up disposable camera that delivers an EMP of sorts to unsuspecting RFID tags ... " ...

Via Engadget: Stick it to the man with your very own RFID-Zapper ...

Link: RFID-Zapper: "The RFID-Zapper is a gadget to deactivate (i.e. destroy) passive RFID-Tags permanently. The development-team presently consists of two people (MiniMe and Mahajivana), who had some help from a friend (thank's for that). Goals are a proof-of-concept and the construction of at least one functioning and appealing prototype, ... "

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Sunday, January 01, 2006

RFID Lab Provides Hands-On Classroom Experience ...

Stratum Global will provide the RFID technology foundation for the hands-on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) lab in Illinois at Oakton Community College, serving fourteen northern Chicago suburbs.

... "The Community College RFID lab will be located at Oakton’s new Art, Science, and Technology Pavilion in Skokie. Stratum Global, William Frick, Intel and Intermec Technologies Corp. are providing Oakton with the tools required to develop an RFID lab and curriculum that will give students the opportunity to study the dynamics of how RFID infrastructure, readers, tags, and software logic solve business problems.

Stratum Global’s TagNet RFID solution suite will serve as the software application foundation for understanding the integration components and the dynamics between the infrastructure, tags and readers. Students will use the software to manage and configure readers, conduct remote diagnostics, commission and interrogate tags, verify tag reads against existing enterprise data and create rules to establish application level events. William Frick, based in Libertyville, IL, specializes in tag and labeling solution offerings. Frick will assist in developing the tag curriculum as it relates to tag materials, tags for high impact or rugged environments, application of active or passive tags, high visibility tags as well as tagging location. Frick will provide the lab with a variety of tag types for the students to work with on different materials, in multiple scenarios. Students will have a firm understanding of the differences between tags types, where those types are applicable and how to effectively construct a tagging methodology. Enterprise data will reside on an Intel based P4 and Xeon Server infrastructure. Data will be used to commission tags, construct work rules and manage events. Stratum Global’s TagNet® will ensure a seamless flow of data within the RFID environment, between the Intermec Readers, antennas, tags and the Intel platform.

RFID hardware will be provided by Intermec and will include Intermec’s IF5 fixed readers, IP3® portable readers, and a combination of Intermec Intellitag antennas. Students will use the hardware to understand how physical readers, handhelds and antennas are used to develop portals, and how portal development impacts read rates and the dynamics of hardware configuration. The hardware and curriculum will prepare students for careers in RFID, with a firm understanding of the technology required for a successful implementation and how that implementation can bring continuous process improvement to the business. " ...


Via Stratum Global: Hands-On RFID Lab at Oakton Community College: Industry leaders collaborate to develop lab and curriculum ...

Additional resources on university RFID labs:

Via Cal Poly: RFID HIGHLIGHTS: "Fred Abler, Tali Freed visited Sun Microsystems in Menlo Park, CA for a day of meetings to present the Cal Poly RFID Research and Testing Lab to a team of SUN executives. The meeting was arranged by Sema Alptekin, a Cal Poly IME professor currently on sabbatical at UC Berkeley. During the day-long series of meetings, the directors presented their vision for RFID Research at CAL POLY, resulting in the RFID Research and Testing Lab being nominated to become the SUN Center of Excellence for RFID."

Via University of Wisconsin: Headlines for March 21, 2005: "The RFID laboratory on the UW-Madison campus enables RFID workgroup members to conduct structured experiments ranging from tag placement to antenna design. "

Via University of Arkansas - Daily Headlines: "The University of Arkansas RFID Research Center laboratory has passed accreditation criteria established by EPCglobal Inc., a global not-for-profit standards organization commercializing the Electronic Product CodeT (EPC) and RFID worldwide. The UA lab is one of the first EPC/RFID research laboratories worldwide to receive the EPCglobal Performance Test Center accreditation. The RFID Research Center, a subunit of the Information Technology Research Institute, housed in the university's Sam M. Walton College of Business."

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Friday, December 09, 2005

RFID Cost Analysis ...

Cost analysis for an animal RFID application. ...

... "In one example, a 62-animal herd equipped with RFID and all the herd recordkeeping equipment could cost $24.10 per animal per year, while a 1,250-animal herd would have a $3.43 per animal per year cost. In the latter example, the ear tag itself is the most expensive part because all cattle share expense of the recordkeeping equipment. " ...

RFID Cost Analysis : Via Capital Press: Ranchers sort through choices of ID programs

"Animal RFID Electronic Identification": "Study the implementation constraints of the electronic identification system from the technical and organizational levels. Cost-benefit analysis of an electronic identification system. "

Farnam Livestock Tracking Systems: "Fixed costs are those associated with the various components (e.g., hardware, software, management, etc.) that are constant, regardless of the number of animals. These costs will vary tremendously across operations due to variability in herd size. Economies of size exist with regard to the fixed cost components of an RFID system such that the per-unit costs will be lower for larger operations."

Automatic Identification: When to Use RFID | Fall 2004 Perspectives | ICF Consulting: "RFID, which allows passive data collection technology, would have minimal impact on operations. While the cost for RFID tags and infrastructure are higher than barcode, its impact is less severe since only nine million containers and pallets are in circulation, and tags will be reused many times before replacement."

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Sunday, November 13, 2005

RFID Electronic Identification Technology: Animals

Animal RFID tags are based on passive tag technology. ...

RFID Electronic Identification Technology: Animals: Via USDA: Animal Electronic Identification

... "All transponders contain a microchip and an antenna. Transponders can be classified as active or passive depending on whether their power source is internal or external. Passive transponders are used in livestock because they get their power from the reader device (antenna). The power antenna transmits radio frequency bursts and the passive transponder returns a coded signal to a separate antenna. A transmission link, via radio waves, is established between the transponder and the reader device (antenna). Animal electronic identification technology uses passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) because it is cost effective and offers the characteristics desired for animal identification. RFID technology does not suffer from signal absorption by tissue or moisture, and it can be packaged differently without affecting performance. " ...

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Friday, October 07, 2005

RFID Tags: Active Passive SemiActive ...

RFID Tags: Active Passive SemiActive: Via Compliance Policy Guides: Radiofrequency Identification Feasibility Studies and Pilot Programs for Drugs

... "A passive tag draws all of its power from the radio waves transmitted by an RFID reader. A semi-active tag uses a battery to run the microchip's circuitry, but not to communicate with the RFID reader. An active tag is powered entirely by battery to send and receive RFID information. " ...

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Tuesday, September 06, 2005

RFID Maritime Security Technology ...

Via RedNova News - Technology - Using Technology to Bridge Maritime Security Gaps

... "A simple radio frequency identification (RFID) tag consists of a microchip attached to a radio antenna. The microchip contains information about the type of cargo, manufacturer, serial number, etc. A variety of tags are now available on the market: passive tags, active tags and low, high and ultra-high-frequency tags. " ...

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Tuesday, August 30, 2005

RFID Hype Cycle Highlights

RFID Hype Cycle Highlights: Via Government Technology: Gartner Highlights Emerging Technologies ...

News staff highlights Gartner Hype Cycle for 2005 ...

... "Radio Frequency Identification (Passive). Otherwise known as RFID, passive Radio Frequency Identification has been somewhat over hyped in recent years although vehicle-based systems are strong. " ...


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Wednesday, August 17, 2005

UHF RFID Industrial Environments

UHF RFID Industrial Environments: Escort Memory Systems Moves UHF RFID into the World of Industrial Control: EMS introduces the first UHF systems exclusively for the industrial environment ...

EMS introduces UHF RFID technology that will weather the storm in industrial environments ...

... "Escort Memory Systems announces the UHF-UN1 integrated RFID controller/antenna and UHF525HT high temperature passive tag solution for long-range, industrial applications. Escort Memory Systems leads the pack in RFID solutions for industrial control. With over 20 years of innovation in design and over fifty thousand installations worldwide, Escort Memory Systems is the company that understands RFID from the inside out. " ...

UHF RFID for Industrial Environments ...

Escort Memory Systems, part of Datalogic Group, delivers rugged, industrial RFID solutions to leading companies worldwide. Recognized for high performance, highly connected and rugged RFID hardware that sets the standard for industrial RFID within the automotive, pharmaceutical, electronic and other demanding industrial settings

Tag:

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Wednesday, July 27, 2005

Vessel History RFID Tag

Vessel History RFID Tag: Vats of Wine and Brandy - SACO Systems (Pty) Ltd.

... "The company came up with a simple answer whereby each individual vat was fitted with a passive RFID tag containing information about the vat's history, as well as its contents. " ...

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Sunday, July 03, 2005

RFID Tags Exterior Package ...

RFID Tags Exterior Package: Defense Procurement and Acquisition Policy - Radio Frequency Identification (DFARS Case 2004-D011) ...

... "Affix passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to the exterior packaging of shipments to identify the contents; and Electronically submit advance shipment notices to DoD to permit receiving personnel to associate the RFID tag data with the corresponding shipment. " ...

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Saturday, July 02, 2005

RFID UID Differences ...

RFID UID Differences: Defense Procurement and Acquisition Policy - Unique Identification (UID), Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

... "UII is a piece of data associated with an item that uniquely identifies it through out its life. RFID is a vehicle for holding and sharing data. IUID of tangible items deals with physical marking as prescribed in the policy and are applied directly on items or on labels themselves. IUID also requires data to be captured about the item and submitted electronically to a registry database. Think of this as creating a birth certificate for the item. RFID is either a passive (unpowered) or active (powered) transmitter/receiver that stores information on the case or pallet in which UII'd and non-UII'd items are placed. The RFID tag may store the unique item numbers for the items in the case or pallet or simply a different unique packaging number that when accessed in a transportation or logistics database provides an inventory of the items in the case or pallet. " ...

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RFID Policy DOD Materiel

RFID Policy DOD Materiel: Logistics and Materiel Readiness, Home page

... "The new policy addresses two general types of RFID tags: (1) active, which contains an internal power source, enabling the tag to hold more data and has a longer read range and (2) passive, which does not contain any power source, holds a minimum of data and has a shorter read range. " ...

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Tuesday, June 14, 2005

RFID Antennae Conductive Inks ...

RFID Antennae Conductive Inks: New Generation of Highly Conductive Inks Making RFID Tags Better, Smaller: Creative Materials promotes its Product #112-15 for printing RFID antennae: Creative Materials - Highly Conductive Inks for RFID Antennae

... "The application team at Creative Materials Inc. a worldwide leader in inks, coatings and adhesives, has developed a highly conductive ink for printing RFID antennae. Passive RFID tags have antennae that can absorb radio waves from an interrogator device. The tags use the received radio energy to power an electrical circuit that generates a unique identifier, and sends a reply. The interrogator receives the reply, allowing it to know the unique identification of the RFID tag. One of the challenges in designing RFID tags is the need to print antennae and circuits that are small, durable, and not too expensive. " ...


Creative Materials, Inc. develops and markets specialty chemical products to customers world-wide. Founded in 1986, Creative Materials has its headquarters and production facilities in Tyngsboro, Massachusetts. Products from Creative Materials are used to manufacture electronic components for automobiles, computers, keyboards, and cell phones; medical electrodes and medical instruments; heating equipment; and aerospace devices. Creative Materials offers more than 1000 product formulations, and is ISO 9001 certified.

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Saturday, May 28, 2005

Radio Frequency Identification: RFID Hardware

Radio Frequency Identification: RFID: MEP Source For Manufacturers

... "RFID systems consist of hardware and software. The hardware includes RFID tags, which can be active (i.e., they have a battery-operated transmitting device on board) or passive (the tag only transmits its data when energized by antenna radiation). RFID tags come in many shapes and sizes and broadcast in different frequencies, depending upon the application. RFID readers are matched to the tag types, and translate the information on the tag into digital form that is converted for use in software. The software sends the information to the business system, which stores the information in a database or displays it on a screen for human decision making. " ...

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Sunday, May 15, 2005

RFID Scanner Medical Coordination Role ...

RFID Role in Tactical Medical Coordination System (TacMedCS)...

... "This system exploits passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technologies to automate some of the casualty evacuation process. This system differs from Common Access Card (CAC) and other alternative approaches to digital medical information. TacMedCS is appealing because it is a Radio Frequency based system, which doesn't require contact with the device to be able to read and write data. There is no need to remove clothing or protective gear. The tag has been tested through MOPP gear, Kevlar body armor, and various other forms of military clothing. The tag is passive. It will only transmit approximately one foot away, and only when interrogated with a RFID scanner. The System includes four basic components: a tag, handheld RFID tag scanner, lap top computer system, and central database server. " ...

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RFID SGTIN UID ...

Passive UHF RFID Tag Data Structure Requirements ...

... "On item packaging for items meeting the DoD criteria for assignment of UID where a serial number is used to augment a GTIN which is used for the unique RFID identification of trade items worldwide within the UCC.EAN System. " ...

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RFID Asset Visibility ...

ACC: Acquisition Community Connection

... "Asset identification, visibility, and tracking can be significantly improved through utilization of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. RFID is a wireless technology that includes passive, semi-passive and active tags. Active RFID systems have the ability to store large amounts of information using an internal power source within the tag. Passive RFID tags operate without a separate external power source and obtain operating power generated from the tag reader. Semi-passive RFID uses an internal power source to monitor environmental conditions, but requires RF energy transferred from the reader/interrogator similar to passive tags to power a tag response. RFID tags can contain various amounts of data ranging from a simple item number to detailed instructions on how to assemble an item. " ...

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RFID Line-of-Sight ...

RFID Terms

... "RFID Line-of-Sight. In order for any communication to occur, a signal transmitted from interrogator or the tag must reach the other device. Unless the device is in a completely shielded metal enclosure, some radiation will usually reach the device. This radiation may arrive in a direct line of sight path or it may arrive via scattered reflections from man-made or natural terrain features. However, the amount of radiation (and its phase) which reaches the device is very important. If a passive device is being used, sufficient radiation must reach a tag so that the tag can not only can interpret the information content of the signal, but must also be sufficient to power the signal transmission of the tag back to the interrogator. Therefore, passive devices usually have a significant degradation in their range when they are not in the direct line of sight to the interrogator, because otherwise they will not receive enough RF radiation to allow for a successful re-transmission of RFID radiation. Active tags are much more non-line-of-sight tolerant, because they only need to receive enough radiation to allow for the incoming signal to be successfully interpreted. They then re-transmit using their own on-board power supply. " ...

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Saturday, May 14, 2005

RFID DOD Supply Chain ...

Army Logistician (RFID Vision in the DOD Supply Chain) ...

Alan F. Estevez writes ... The Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Supply Chain Integration believes that the real value of RFID lies not in what it can do today but in what it will do in the future. ...

... "Radio frequency identification (RFID) is an enabling technology that allows military logisticians to synthesize and integrate end-to-end information about assets. The Department of Defense (DOD) is a globally sophisticated user of active RFID, with more than a decade of experience in this technology and the most extensive RFID network in the world. Now, DOD is attempting to standardize the use of active RFID and is moving ahead with the application of passive RFID technologies. (Active RFID uses a battery within the tag to power the tag and its RF communications circuitry. Passive RFID relies on radio frequency energy transferred from the reader to the tag to power the tag.) " ...


Alan F. Estevez is the Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Supply Chain Integration within the Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Logistics and Materiel Readiness.

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Wednesday, May 11, 2005

RFID Government Contract RFID Readers ...

RFID Government Contract RFID Readers: Intermec Named to Provide RFID Readers to U.S. Government: Blanket purchase agreement includes fixed-mounted and transportable readers; all equipment firmware upgradeable to Generation 2 RFID standard; follows award in March of RFID tag blanket purchase agreement ...

Intermec announces key win as supplier of Gen 2-compatible RFID readers to the US Government ...

... "As part of the U.S. Government’s initiative to improve efficiency and inventory asset management, Intermec Technologies Corp., which designs and manufactures RFID (radio frequency identification) and mobile computing systems, has been awarded a Blanket Purchasing Agreement to provide passive UHF RFID (radio frequency identification) fixed-mounted and transportable RFID readers to support the Department of Defense and the U.S. Coast Guard. Earlier this year, Intermec was granted a BPA to provide EPC Class 1 RFID tags. The awards are part of the government’s Automatic Information Technology RFID initiative to provide timely asset visibility in its global logistics pipeline, whether in process, in storage or in transit. The award is the latest in a 20-year partnership between Intermec and the U.S. Government. " ...


Intermec Technologies Corp., a UNOVA Inc. (NYSE:UNA) company, develops, manufactures and integrates technologies that identify, track and manage supply chain assets. Core technologies include Intellitag(R) RFID, mobile computing systems, bar code printers and label media. The company’s products and services are used by customers in many industries worldwide to improve the productivity, quality and responsiveness of business operations.

Additional resources on RFID government contracts ...

Border: Better Security Without a Traffic Jam? ... ... One component of the plan is a technology known as RFID, ... Reston-based Accenture LLP was the winner of the government contract worth up to ...

DoD Suppliers' Passive RFID Information Guide ... ... Figure 5 - RFID-enabled label placement on palletized unit load. ... government contract. If the DoD Purchase Card is used to acquire items that are on ...

CICA 30th Annual Convention slide sets ... ... assess government contract opportunities, use e-procurement and improved ... The Auto-ID Centre’s mission is to replace the use of barcodes with RFID ...

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Wednesday, April 27, 2005

Passive RFID System Explained ...

DHS | Department of Homeland Security | Fact Sheet: Radio Frequency Identification Technology

... "In its simplest form in common use today, a passive RFID system works as follows: an RFID reader transmits via its antenna an electromagnetic radio frequency signal to a passive RFID tag. The reader receives information back from the tag and sends it to a computer that controls the reader and processes the information that has been retrieved from the tag. " ...

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Monday, April 25, 2005

DOD RFID DFARS Changes ...

Defense Procurement and Acquisition Policy - DFARS Changes

... "DoD published a proposed DFARS change on April 21, 2005:

Radio Frequency Identification (DFARS Case 2004-D011), Proposed DFARS change ...

Requires contractors to:

Affix passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to the exterior packaging of shipments to identify the contents; and
Electronically submit advance shipment notices to DoD to permit receiving personnel to associate the RFID tag data with the corresponding shipment.

Applies to shipments that:

Contain packaged operational rations, clothing, individual equipment, tents, tools, housekeeping supplies and equipment, personal demand items, or repair parts and components; and
Will be delivered to the Defense Distribution Depot in Susquehanna, PA, or the Defense Distribution Depot in San Joaquin , CA.

The change targets improvement of supply chain visibility of DoD assets and permits efficient movement of supplies ... " ...


RFID Federal Register Notice.

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Saturday, March 26, 2005

RFID Line-of-Sight ...

RFID Terms

... "Line-of-Sight: In order for any communication to occur, a signal transmitted from interrogator or the RFID tag must reach the other device. Unless the device is in a completely shielded metal enclosure, some radiation will usually reach the device. This radiation may arrive in a direct line of sight path or it may arrive via scattered reflections from man-made or natural terrain features. However, the amount of radiation (and its phase) which reaches the device is very important. If a passive device is being used, sufficient radiation must reach a tag so that the tag can not only can interpret the information content of the signal, but must also be sufficient to power the signal transmission of the tag back to the interrogator. Therefore, passive devices usually have a significant degradation in their range when they are not in the direct line of sight to the interrogator, because otherwise they will not receive enough RF radiation to allow for a successful re-transmission of RF radiation. Active tags are much more non-line-of-sight tolerant, because they only need to receive enough radiation to allow for the incoming signal to be successfully interpreted. They then re-transmit using their own on-board power supply. " ...

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Monday, March 21, 2005

DOD Passive Radio Frequency Identification Electronic Product Code-1 (RFID EPC-1) project

DOD Passive Radio Frequency Identification Electronic Product Code-1 (RFID EPC-1) project ...

Alien Tech secures purchase order for supplying DOD RFID technology ...

... The objective of the Passive Radio Frequency Identification Electronic Product Code-1 (RFID EPC-1) project is to provide a state-of-the-art, common, integrated structure for logistic identification, tracking, locating, and monitoring of commodities and assets. In addition, data collection, storage information, retrieval methods, information processing, and transmission of Tag data will greatly enhance systems within the Department of Defense (DoD). Passive RFID EPC-1 technology will provide standardization and interoperability among Government users of Passive RFID EPC-1 components purchased from this Blanket Purchase Agreement (BPA). ...

DOD Passive Radio Frequency Identification RFID ...

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Sunday, March 06, 2005

RFID Reader: Radio Frequency Identification Technology

DHS | Department of Homeland Security | Fact Sheet: Radio Frequency Identification Technology

... "In its simplest form in common use today, a passive RFID system works as follows: an RFID reader transmits via its antenna an electromagnetic radio frequency signal to a passive RFID tag. The reader receives information back from the tag and sends it to a computer that controls the reader and processes the information that has been retrieved from the tag. Passive tags do not have batteries and operate using the energy they receive from signals sent by a reader. " ...

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Wednesday, February 09, 2005

DOD RFID in the Supply Chain ...

DOD RFID in the Supply Chain: Savi Technology Unveils DoD Supply Chain RFID Solution Featuring ...

From Business Wire (press release), CA ... Savi Technology, a leading provider of RFID-based supply chain solutions for defense and commercial organizations, today unveiled a new "tag and ship" offering ...

... Savi Technology, a leading provider of RFID-based supply chain solutions for defense and commercial organizations, today unveiled a new "tag and ship" offering enhanced with components from Symbol Technologies, Inc. (NYSE:SBL), The Enterprise Mobility Company(TM), and Zebra Technologies (Nasdaq:ZBRA), which enables suppliers to quickly and cost-effectively meet new EPC-compliant, passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) shipment requirements from the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). Called Savi RFID-ACT (Assured Compliance Today), the multi-package offering, demonstrated here at the DoD RFID Industry Summit (Booth #514), builds on the real-world expertise of the three companies in designing a flexible "tag and ship" solution for passive RFID that's simple, quick and reliable to implement. Value-added components can be integrated to help suppliers go beyond compliance and realize investment returns within their own supply chains. ...


With over 15 years of global logistics infrastructure experience, Savi is the proven leader in real-time supply chain asset management and security. The company's broad customer service base includes the U.S. Department of Defense, the United Kingdom Ministry of Defence, NATO, major shippers, manufacturers, and retailers, as well as numerous international ports, terminal operators, carriers, asset owners and third party logistics providers. Founded in 1989, Savi Technology is privately held, with headquarters in Sunnyvale, Calif., and offices in Washington D.C., London, Singapore, South Africa and Australia.

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Monday, January 31, 2005

DoD 2005 RFID Summit Starts February 9 ...

DoD RFID Summit 2005

From CCR, DOD ...

... "2005 DoD RFID Summit for Industry, February 9-10, 2005, Hilton Washington, Washington, D.C.

Hosted by the Office of the Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Supply Chain Integration) and the DoD Logistics AIT Office, the 2005 DoD RFID Summit for Industry is the OFFICIAL platform for the DoD to continue to execute the implementation of the DoD RFID Policy. The Summit's agenda is packed with key DoD RFID Policy drivers, industry leaders, and early adopters and will feature over 50 of the leading RFID solution providers in the exhibit hall. Three distinguished Keynote Addresses will take place during the 2-day Summit." ...


Background: On July 30, 2004, the Acting Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics signed a memorandum outlining policy for the use of RFID within the Department of Defense (DoD). The strategy calls for taking maximum advantage of the inherent life-cycle asset management efficiencies that can be realized with integration of RFID throughout DoD. Leveraging this technology to improve our ability to get the customer the right materiel, at the right time, and in the right condition is a critical part of our End-to-End Warfighter Support initiative. The new policy addresses two general types of RFID tags: (1) active, which contains an internal power source, enabling the tag to hold more data and has a longer "read" range and (2) passive, which does not contain any power source, holds a minimum of data and has a shorter "read" range. Mr. Michael Wynne, Acting Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition, Technology and Logistics), announced a new policy on July 30, 2004 for the use of radio frequency identification within the Department of Defense. Radio frequency identification - also known as RFID - will enable hands-off processing of materiel transactions, allowing the DoD to re-apportion critical manpower resources to warfighting functions and to streamline business process.

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Saturday, January 22, 2005

Checkpoint Systems RFID Applications ...

Checkpoint Systems RFID Applications: Checkpoint Systems, Inc. to Broadcast Fourth Quarter 2004 ...

From Business Wire (press release), CA ... In conjunction with this release, Checkpoint Systems will host a conference call on the ... Checkpoint is a leading provider of EAS and RFID systems, source tagging ...

... Checkpoint Systems, Inc. (NYSE:CKP), intends to release its fourth quarter 2004 results on Tuesday, March 1, 2005 before the market opens. In conjunction with this release, Checkpoint Systems will host a conference call on the same day at 10:00 AM Eastern Time, which will be simultaneously broadcast live over the Internet. George Off, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Craig Burns, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, will host the call. ...


Checkpoint Systems, Inc. is a multinational company that manufactures and markets labeling systems designed to improve efficiency, reduce costs and provide value-added label solutions for customers across many markets and industries. Checkpoint is a leading provider of EAS and RFID systems, source tagging, barcode labeling systems, hand-held labeling systems and retail merchandising systems. Applications include automatic identification, retail security and pricing and promotional labels. Operating directly in 30 countries, Checkpoint has a global network of subsidiaries and provides professional customer service and technical support around the world.

Additional resources on Checkpoint Systems RFID applications ...

Checkpoint Systems, Inc. : News : Press Releases : Archives: shelf inventory system, a dual technology EAS/RFID perimeter system, and a ... Checkpoint Systems, Inc.s website is located at www.checkpointsystems.com . ...

Checkpoint integrates RFID with EAS technology: said David Donnan, North America president of Checkpoint Systems. ... rang of passive (battery-less) RFID tags can ... to a distributed computing system involved in ...

Checkpoint & Philips alliance supports RFID: edge tag and reader solutions, Checkpoint Systems will also deliver total system integration services that ... the specific needs of deploying RFID into the ...

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Sunday, January 16, 2005

Freight Transportation Vulnerability, Security, and Productivity through RFID Cargo Seals ...

RFID Cargo Seals Role in Freight Transportation Vulnerability, Security, and Productivity

From Electronic Cargo Seals: Context, Technologies, And Marketplace ...

... "RFID Seals: RFID technologies are most common among electronic seals. Fundamentally, they marry RFID transponders or their components with manual seal components. There are two main types of RFID tags and seals, passive and active. Passive seals do not initiate transmissions--they respond when activated by the energy in the signal from a reader. Interrogated by a reader, a passive seal can identify itself by reporting its 'license plate' number, analogous to a standard bar code. The tag can also perform processes, such as testing the integrity of a seal. The beauty of a battery-free passive seal is that it can be a simple, inexpensive, and disposable device. Although not a formal term, it is useful to think of such devices as 'pure passive'--a term that describes what most practitioners have in mind when they discuss passive RFID electronic seals. Passive RFID seals can carry batteries for either or both of two purposes. The first is to aid communication by boosting the strength of the reflective signal back to the reader. This capability need not add much cost. The second purpose is to provide power so functions can be performed out of the range of readers. One example of the latter is to power a clock, continuously test the integrity of the seal, and record the time of tampering. Adding substantial capability could raise the cost of a passive seal sufficiently that it would be practical only as a reusable product. Practitioners use three different terms to describe passive tags with batteries. They are semi-active, semi-passive, and battery-assisted passive. Since the terms seem to be interchangeable, this is a source of confusion in RFID tag discussions. Alien Technologies began using the term semi-passive and is now transitioning to the term battery" ...

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Saturday, January 15, 2005

Why RFID is essential to the DoD Supply Chain ...

Why is RFID essential to the DoD Supply Chain?

From DOD "Frequently Asked Questions about RFID" ...

... The use of RFID in the DoD supply chain has the potential to provide real benefits in inventory management, asset visibility, and interoperability in an end-to-end integrated environment. RFID encapsulates the data accuracy advantages inherent in all types of automatic identification technology (AIT). Additionally, RFID is a totally non-intrusive methodology for data capture (requires no human intervention), is non-line of sight technology, and is a technology that may possess both read and write options within the same equipment item. ...

RFID creates interoperability in an end-to-end integrated DOD supply chain environment

RFID systems carry data in suitable transponders, generally known as tags, and retrieve data, by machine-readable means, at a suitable time and place to satisfy particular application needs. Tags have a discrete memory capacity that varies from a small license plate to thousands of records. Data within a tag may provide any level of identification for an item during manufacture, in-transit, in-storage, or in-use. With additional data, the tag may support applications that need item-specific information. For example, shipment consignee or destination ports can be readily accessed upon reading the tag. In addition to tags, an RFID system requires a means for reading or "interrogating" the tags to obtain the stored data and then some means of communicating this tag data to a DoD logistics information system. RFID in the context of DoD usage falls into three broad categories based primarily on the technology currently in existence - active RFID, passive RFID, and semi-passive RFID.

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RFID Frequency Spectrum Management for Passive RFID Technology in the Supply Chain ...

RFID Frequency Spectrum Management ...

From Business Rules for Passive RFID Technology in the DoD Supply Chain ...

... DoD components will forward requests for frequency allocation approval via command channels to the cognizant military frequency management office to ensure that RFID tags comply with US national and host-nation spectrum management policies. RFID tags may require electromagnetic compatibility analysis to quantify the mutual effects of RFID devices within all intended operational environments. RFID tags that meet the technical specifications of 47 CFR 15 of the FCC’s Rules and Regulations for Non-Licensed Devices, i.e. Part 15, must accept and may not cause electromagnetic interference to any other federal or civil RF device. ...

RFID tags that meet the technical specifications of 47 CFR 15 of the FCC’s Rules and Regulations for Non-Licensed Devices ...

Passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags reflect energy from the reader/interrogator or receive and temporarily store a small amount of energy from the reader/interrogator signal in order to generate the tag response. Passive RFID requires strong RF signals from the reader/interrogator, and the RF signal strength returned from the tag is constrained to low levels by the limited energy. This low signal strength equates to a shorter range for passive tags than for active tags. The DoD Logistics Automatic Identification Technology (LOG-AIT) Office is the DoD focal point for coordinating overarching guidance for the use of AIT within DoD. The Program Executive Office, Enterprise Information Systems (PEO EIS), Product Manager - Automatic Identification Technology (PM-AIT) Office is the DoD procurement activity for AIT equipment (to include RFID equipment and infrastructure) and will establish a standing contract for equipment installation and maintenance.

Upcoming Events

Announcing the 2005 DOD RFID Summit for Industry
February 9-10, 2005
Washington Hilton & Towers, Washington, DC

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Sunday, December 12, 2004

RFID in Surgery: FDA Clears New Surgical Marker; Uses RFID to Protect Patients

From FDA ...

... "The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has cleared for marketing an external surgical marker tag intended to minimize the likelihood of wrong-site, wrong-procedure and wrong-patient surgeries. The device is the first such surgical marker to utilize radio frequency identification (RFID) technology to mark an anatomical site for surgery. It is intended to offer additional protection for patients who are undergoing surgery. The product is the SurgiChip Tag Surgical Marker system, manufactured by SurgiChip Inc., of Palm Beach Gardens, Fla. It consists of the tag, which is a smart label with an integrated passive transponder, along with a printer, an encoder and a RFID reader. Here's how it works: The patient's name and surgical site are printed on the SurgiChip tag. The inside of the tag is encoded with the date of surgery, type of procedure and name of surgeon. The tag is scanned with a desktop RFID reader for confirmation by the patient and is then placed in the patient's hospital file. On the day of surgery, the tag is removed from the file and scanned again, and the encoded information is verified by the patient. The tag, which has an adhesive backing, is then placed on the patient's body near the surgical site. In the operating room, the tag is again scanned and the encoded information is verified with the patient's chart. The tag is removed just before surgery and returned to the patient's hospital file. FDA cleared the device for marketing based on a review of safety, effectiveness and software validation information submitted by the manufacturer. " ...


The FDA is responsible for protecting the public health by assuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs, biological products, medical devices, our nation’s food supply, cosmetics, and products that emit radiation. The FDA is also responsible for advancing the public health by helping to speed innovations that make medicines and foods more effective, safer, and more affordable; and helping the public get the accurate, science-based information they need to use medicines and foods to improve their health.

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Sunday, November 28, 2004

DOD RFID Summit for Industry ...

From Automatic Identification Technology Office ...

... "February 9-10, 2005 . Announcing the 2005 DOD RFID Summit for Industry to be held at Washington Hilton & Towers in Washington, DC. Make plans now to attend! Registration is now open and reservations will be accepted on a first come, first served basis.

Date & Location:
February 9-10, 2005
Hilton Washington
Washington, DC, U.S.A.

The Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Supply Chain Integration) will host a third industry meeting on February 9-10, 2005 to continue to execute their DOD RFID Policy.
The DOD RFID Policy "establishes policy for the use of RFID within the DOD and initiates a strategy to take maximum advantage of the inherent life-cycle asset management efficiencies that can be realized with integration of RFID throughout DOD." The DOD RFID Summit for Industry Objective:
The Assistant Deputy Under Secretary of Defense, Supply Chain Integration has taken the lead to facilitate the implementation of the RFID policy within the DOD and is hosting the DOD RFID Summit for Industry to provide information on:

The Implementation Plan - review of the roadmap that targets critical distribution functions
within the Defense Distribution Depots, depot maintenance facilities, and strategic aerial ports.
Scheduled implementation timeline and requirements for suppliers based on procurement
methods, classes/commodities, location and layers of packaging.
Technical details on RFID technology compliance.
DFAR Update.
Industry Implementations.
Showcase of RFID technology providers.

On July 30, 2004, the Acting Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics signed a memorandum outlining policy for the use of RFID within the Department of Defense (DoD). The strategy calls for taking maximum advantage of the inherent life-cycle asset management efficiencies that can be realized with integration of RFID throughout DoD. Leveraging this technology to improve our ability to get the customer the right materiel, at the right time, and in the right condition is a critical part of our End-to-End Warfighter Support initiative. The new policy addresses two general types of RFID tags: (1) active, which contains an internal power source, enabling the tag to hold more data and has a longer "read" range and (2) passive, which does not contain any power source, holds a minimum of data and has a shorter "read" range.

The policy directs the adoption of specific business rules for the active, high data capacity RFID currently used in the DoD operational environment to ensure continued support for ongoing Combatant Commander in-transit visibility requirements and operations. The policy states that DoD will be an early adopter of innovative, passive RFID technology that leverages the Electronic Product Code (EPC) and compatible RFID tags. The policy will require suppliers to put passive RFID tags on lowest possible piece part/case/pallet packaging by January 2005." ...


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Sunday, November 21, 2004

RFID for Freight Transportation Vulnerability, Security, and Productivity ...

From Electronic Cargo Seals: Context, Technologies, And Marketplace, Michael Wolfe, North River Consulting Group, writes ...

... "There are four clusters of electronic seals, representing four methods of communicating between the seal and its 'reader:' radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared, direct contact, and very long range cellular or satellite. All but the simplest solutions are capable of reporting sensor information and data that goes beyond seal status and ID.
RFID Seals RFID technologies are most common among electronic seals. Fundamentally, they marry RFID transponders or their components with manual seal components. There are two main types of RFID tags and seals, passive and active. Passive seals do not initiate transmissions--they respond when activated by the energy in the signal from a reader. Interrogated by a reader, a passive seal can identify itself by reporting its 'license plate' number, analogous to a standard bar code. The tag can also perform processes, such as testing the integrity of a seal. The beauty of a battery-free passive seal is that it can be a simple, inexpensive, and disposable device. Although not a formal term, it is useful to think of such devices as 'pure passive'--a term that describes what most practitioners have in mind when they discuss passive RFID electronic seals." ...

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DOD RFID Supplier Implementation Plan

From Logistics and Materiel Readiness ...

... "Suppliers Shipping to DoD: Per the schedule outlined in this attachment, case, pallet, and item packaging (unit pack) for Unique Identification (UID) items will be tagged at the point of origin (manufacturer/vendor) with passive RFID tags, except for the bulk commodities as defined in section 2.4.1+ of attachment 2. If the unit pack is also the case, only one RFID tag will be attached to the container. Shipments of goods and materials will be phased in by procurement methods, classes/commodities, location and layers of packaging for passive RFID. Commencing January 1, 2005: All individual Cases + All Cases packaged within Palletized Unit Loads + all Palletized Unit Loads, as defined in Section 2.3+, will be tagged" ...

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RFID Terms

From AFMC, Air Force Materiel Command ...

... "Line-of-Sight. In order for any communication to occur, a signal transmitted from interrogator or the tag must reach the other device. Unless the device is in a completely shielded metal enclosure, some radiation will usually reach the device. This radiation may arrive in a direct line of sight path or it may arrive via scattered reflections from man-made or natural terrain features. However, the amount of radiation (and its phase) which reaches the device is very important. If a passive device is being used, sufficient radiation must reach a tag so that the tag can not only can interpret the information content of the signal, but must also be sufficient to power the signal transmission of the tag back to the interrogator. Therefore, passive devices usually have a significant degradation in their range when they are not in the direct line of sight to the interrogator, because otherwise they will not receive enough RF radiation to allow for a successful re-transmission of RF radiation. Active tags are much more non-line-of-sight tolerant, because they only need to receive enough radiation to allow for the incoming signal to be successfully interpreted. They then re-transmit using their own on-board power supply. " ...

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RFID Data: Potential Uses for RFID Data

From US Army Logistics Management College, Colonel Robert F. Carpenter, USAR, writes ...

... "RFID data also are being used to track unit movement cargo. RFID tag read-and-write capability has been added to the Transportation Coordinators Automated Information for Movement System (TCAIMS II). In the future, if a portable TCAIMS II is adopted, it also will have the capability to read and write RFID tags. An RF write capability is fully integrated into TCAIMS II and already is being fielded. RFID equipment is included in the basis of issue plan. TCAIMS II also should have the capability to read a barcode and generate an RFID tag when necessary. The current use of RFID in DOD discussed above is based on active RFID technology. In active RFID, the tag has its own power source (a battery). In the commercial world, passive RFID technology is used to track items both in transit (very limited use) and in warehousing operations (much more robust use). In passive RFID, the tag is powered by RF energy transferred from the reader to the tag. To better exploit this technology and reduce its cost, major corporations have created the Auto ID Center with research and development facilities at five leading universities in the United States, Australia, England, Japan, and Switzerland." ...

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Sunday, October 17, 2004

DOD RFID: DOD POLICY MANDATES RFID USE ...

From United States Army Logistics Management College ALOG News ... RFID technology is an application of automatic identification technology that quickly collects and reports item, location, time, and transaction data embedded in tags that are placed on containers, pallets, and packages. The data are collected by readers, or interrogators, equipped with antennas. RFID tags can be either active—the tag has its own power source (a battery) to transmit data—or passive—the tag is powered by energy transmitted by the interrogator ...

... The new DOD policy will require suppliers to place passive RFID tags on the lowest possible part, case, or pallet packaging by January 2005. This tagging requirement will apply to all items except bulk commodities such as sand, gravel, and liquids. DOD components will need to create an initial capability to read tags at key sites in preparation for the January 2005 implementation date. A DOD-level integrated product team will refine the policy, designate initial RFID projects for testing emerging RFID capabilities, and develop a long-term implementation strategy. ...

DOD sponsors initial RFID projects for testing emerging RFID capabilities

The United States Army Logistics Management College (ALMC) was established in 1954 with the mission to conduct a 12-week Army Supply Management Course. As one of three U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command colleges, ALMC shares in a common objective to ensure that our Armed Forces stay trained and are ready to fight and win quickly with minimum casualties and loss of resources. Our role in pursuit of this objective is to develop and present quality education programs in logistics science, management science, and acquisition management to personnel of the Department of Defense, other Federal agencies, and foreign governments. In addition, ALMC offers research and consulting services that contribute to materiel readiness and improve acquisition and logistics management.

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Thursday, August 05, 2004

RFID Logistics: Plastic Pallets Get BAP Tags

From RFID Journal ... Mark McDonald, director of production for Alien Technology, says plastic is superior to wood for reading RF because of the significantly lower moisture content ...

" ... Applied Distribution Research (ADR), a San Jose, Calif.-based maker of reusable plastic pallets, is offering a version of its product with an embedded RFID battery-assisted passive (BAP) tag operating at 2.45 GHz. Plastic pallets cause less RF interference than wooden ones; wooden pallets’ moisture content (which fluctuates with the surrounding environment) and metal nails and staples can interfere with RFID readers’ ability to successfully read tags. ... "


The biggest destroyer of hardwood forests around the world is the lowly wood pallet. While plastic pallets may be better environmentally, they lack the strength of wood pallets. Fortunately, there is a new polymer pallet that surpasses the strength of wood and the environmental benefits of plastic. It is the ADR high performance polymer pallet.


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Friday, May 28, 2004

Active RFID: RF Code and InfoWave Solutions Announce Strategic Partnership ...

From Emediawire (press release) ... RF Code, Inc., a leading developer of Auto-ID data collection middleware and Active RFID technologies, today announced a Strategic Partnership with InfoWave ...

RF Code, Inc., founded in 1997, designs, develops and manufactures high-performance, low-cost Active RFID technology for long-range wireless data communications that accurately identify, manage and track physical assets, information and personnel. RF Code offers complete systems comprised of RF tags, readers, antennas and software. In addition, RF Code designs and develops TAVIS , the leading Auto-ID data collection middleware for the enterprise. TAVIS software provides real-time data collection of information from a variety of data collection devices including Active RFID readers, Passive RFID readers, EPC readers, Barcode readers and GPS receivers.

Mantis tags are attached to assets being tracked and can be programmed to emit two beacon signals. While the standard beacon continually takes inventory of the tagged assets, the motion activated beacon rate provides immediate notification of objects on the move, defining their identity and location. This unique combination of beacon rates provides an excellent fit for applications with a large number of tagged assets, which in the past might not have been feasible using earlier RF technology. When the tag is in motion 10% of the time, the battery life will exceed 5 years under temperate environmental conditions. Installations requiring sealed or embedded tags find this to be an added benefit where changing tag batteries would be time-consuming or virtually impossible. Spider readers determine a Spider tag's identification and location by receiving and interpreting the beacons emitted by the Spider tags. It can even inform the host computer whenever a tag's position changes. The Spider reader's small footprint enables the readers to be mounted just about anywhere for uninterrupted, continual operation.

TAVIS is the data capture infrastructure platform for the new age of Auto-ID. While providing a unique opportunity to have a "unified monitoring" backbone for data capture and processing, it is also capable of using independent and distinct information collection devices. The TAVIS platform supplies the first and second layers between devices and application specific software like Inventory Control, ERP and MRP as well as applications that need instant response like Access Control and Personnel Tracking. This proven, enterprise scale data collection platform has been in commercial use for over 2 ½ years in combination with RF Code's active RFID hardware offering.

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Saturday, May 22, 2004

RFID Technology: Miles Technologies Announces their Executive Briefing Tour on ...

From Emediawire (press release) ... The topics are: RFID, WMS Wireless Applications and Warehouse Management Solutions. Lake Zurich, IL (PRWEB) May 22, 2004 -- Miles Technologies, Inc. ...

Miles Technologies is a nationwide provider of wireless inventory control, barcode printers and RFID solutions. Miles' clients have partnered with us for over 20 years to optimize their inventory and warehousing efficiencies. From large, highly visible retailers, 3PL's, manufacturers and health care facilities to smaller local businesses, Miles helps businesses find the right solution integrating barcode scanners, RFID, wireless networks, barcode and label printers, labels and inventory control software.

RFID - Radio Frequency Identification System (RFID tags and RFID readers) allows tagged objects to be read, many at once without line of sight to a reader; no human interaction. common applications are: Inventory Control Shipping and Receiving, Parts Tracking and Identification, Product Stage Tracking and Identification, Quality Control Hospital Tracking and Identification, Compliance from Walmart, DOD and others...

RFID Tags are either passive or active. "Active Tags" are RFID Tags that have their own power source via a battery. "Passive Tags" are RFID Tags that have no independent power source and is powered from the reader when activated. Alien RFID Tags are being used today. RFID chip is another term for tags. RFID Chips are actually imbedded into the tag and store the product information.

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Monday, May 10, 2004


RFID Web Seminar: Zebra Technologies Web Seminar Notes
RFID Deployments: Slap and Ship to Total Deployment Strategies to Achieve Compliance and Measureable Operating Improvements


Zebra Technologies Web Seminar, May 10, 2004
On Monday, May 10, 2004, Chris Hook, of Zebra Technologies, and Matt Reim hosted their second web seminar on RFID Technology, titled "RFID Deployments: Slap and Ship to Total Deployment, Strategies to Achieve Compliance and Measureable Operating Improvements"

Agenda is Components, RFID and Bar Code Comparisons, Measuring Improvements, fast-track with smart labels... Focus is on passive RFID tags and systems. Smarts labels have RFID tags embedded in the printed label. Simultaneous identification is when we obtain information from many tags all at same time.

RFID Tags and antennae go into RFID inlays which are then embedded into RFID labels. RFID Components include printers, RFID readers, and hand-held RFID readers. AIDC system VARs provide the RFID subsystems, which are then combined with middleware, which in turn integrated with enterprise business systems.

Barcodes are now ubiquitous. While RFID can replace role of barcodes, it is envisioned that RFID technology will have a much greater impact on business processes, especially the data capture touch points throughout the extended supply chain. The key is identifying the RFID-enabled data capture touch points. There is significant operating expenses associated with these touch points. Whever touching is prevalent, RFID technology can provide value. (Walmart benchmark: each barcode scan costs 5 cents)... Eliminate touches, increase cycle time, save money, increase velocity.

Bar codes and RFID can co-exist in a hybrid environment. Used Sanacorp, Germany as benchmark... Barcodes used on products, bins, and picking tote boxes. Errors still existed in the barcoding as-is state. Sanacorp assessed their barcoding current state. RFID tags were deployed to tote boxes and RFID readers provided routing. RFID technology drove error rates below 0.01%. Performance increased to allow one hour order turn-around in fifteen regional distribution centers. A hybrid solution encompassing RFID and barcoding can work well.

RFID can have a role in supply chain process management in measurement - event management, etc. Up to 30% lower inventory, 8% better on-shelf availability, 10% higher sales. Monitor, Measure, Control, Notify, and Modify are key steps in the lifecycle of RFID technology implementation. It is critical to move beyond the first three steps to achieve high returns on investment, ROI.

Slap and Ship RFID Compliance is minimum work required to meet RFID compliance requirements. Slap and Ship RFID techniques can be supported by optimizing the RFID system performance. What is in the box matters... Absorption and reflectance of the radio frequency waves must be considered and the reading performance must be understood. Pick the technology that will provide the broadest range of performance across your products. Make RFID tags pay for themselves before they leave you facility. Slap and Ship techniques, by themselves, add cost to material handling. Moving further down the RFID lifecycle will position your company to derive value of RFID before your product leaves your end of the supply chain. Drive your RFID implementation. Don't be driven.

Smart Labels are the best way to meet RFID compliance labeling requirements. A hybrid of RFID and barcoding is necessary during the technology transition period, before RFID becomes ubiquitous, like barcoding. Visual identification of printed labels will always be necessary. Airline bag tags have been in trials for a hybrid label with barcoding and RFID.

Zebra role is printing and encoding. Zebra printers will print the label on the RFID inlayed label, encode and validate the RFID data into the RFID tag. Validation and verification is critical step. In an EPC scenario, the EPC number is programmed into the RFID tag and is also printed in human readable and barcode formats on the smart label. Consistency in the data among these forms of data is essential.

RFID applications are surging in warehousing, express parcel handling, returnable container tracking, airline baggage tracking, libraries, video rental, event ticketing (counterfeiting), sensitive document tracking, mass transit ticketing. These are existing standards and recommendation for RFID application: ISO, EAN, UCC, DOD RFID Expert Group (REG).

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Monday, April 26, 2004

DOD RFID: SAVI Technology and SAMSys Technologies integrate RFID solution to bolster security at U.S. Army ammo depots

SUNNYVALE, CA and TORONTO, ON - Savi Technology, a leading provider of RFID networks for real-time supply chain visibility, asset management and security, in partnership with SAMSys Technologies (SMY:TSX-VEN) (“SAMSys”), an international provider of RFID hardware solutions, announced the successful design, integration, and delivery of a passive RFID tracking solution for the U.S. Army Joint Munitions Command (JMC).

The Check-It-Out Key Management System automatically monitors and tracks the details of each key issue and return transaction for thousands of high-security keys, virtually eliminating the need for manual record keeping. Check-It-Out links with the U.S. Army’s existing legacy inventory management application and updates transaction details in order to determine when to unseal buildings for inventory. The Check-It-Out solution, designed by Savi Technology, can be configured for all kinds of “check-in and check-out assets”, from tools to cell phones.

“The implementation of Check-It-Out at just one U.S. Army depot in Utah, which consists of more than 1,200 buildings and 2,500 keys, has successfully reduced the number of hours required for manual check-in and check-out procedures by 25 percent,” said Mazie Angus, JMC’s Inventory Team Leader. “Our employees are working more efficiently and productivity has increased. We are very pleased with this solution and look forward to working with Savi in the future.”

Check-It-Out eliminates manual data input errors, provides 100% data accuracy, reduces bottlenecks during heavy check-in and checkout times, and provides real-time status reports. Its comprehensive internal database enables it to operate as a stand-alone application or as a front-end data source for the existing Ammunition Inventory Accountability Program.

“This solution instantly and accurately documents and ensures the security of thousands of daily key transactions occurring at US Army ammunition depots,” said Jerry Bredesen, Program Manager for Savi Technology who oversaw software design and system implementation. “Based on the success of this solution, it is easy to foresee it being replicated for other government and commercial sector applications, including equipment rental, shared radios and cell phones, test equipment tracking, and even book tracking systems in libraries.”

Following a thorough evaluation of RFID reader vendors, Savi selected SAMSys to supply the hardware components because of the company’s integration support and the ease with which the hardware could be integrated into the Check-It-Out solution. SAMSys components include high-frequency passive tags and SAMSys fixed proximity readers with external flat antenna.

“SAMSys has extensive experience and success in the implementation of RFID solutions for various industries and environments and we are delighted to have been selected to participate in this innovative installation,” says Cliff Horwitz, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of SAMSys. “We are pleased to support both Savi Technology and the U.S Army on this important implementation. The reader hardware we provide is at the forefront of RFID advancement and will provide the necessary platform for future tag protocol and Standards migration.”

Each key is fixed with a small, rectangular, RFID tag embedded key chain containing “license plate” information on the key’s identification. Savi’s software and a localized relational database marry the tag’s ID with users and their privileges, authorized custodians, its corresponding building number, and conditions that must be met before the key is issued. When the key chain is scanned, all of this information displays on the key custodian’s computer screen for verification.

“The initial preparation and integration of this solution took only three days and within the first two days of operation we recovered four man-hours,” said Bruce Banks, a Key Custodian at Tooele Army Depot in Utah. “In the first version of this program it has worked flawlessly and demonstrated impressive results. It has also been easy to learn and train others.”

The Check-It-Out solution builds on and augments an earlier solution Savi Technology developed called The Stockpile Inventory List Comparator (SILC) suite, which was announced about a year ago. SILC, using a special cross-laminated material for 2-D barcodes, also seamlessly integrated Automatic Identification Technologies (AIT) and software applications into the Army’s Ammunition Inventory Accountability Program to enhance the speed, productivity and accuracy of managing ammunition inventory data. SILC already has been implemented at every major ammunition storage depot in the United States and several overseas. Check-It-Out is currently being fielded to two more U. S. Army locations, and should be fully implemented at all U.S. ammunition depots by Fall.

About Savi Technology
With over 15 years of global logistics infrastructure experience, Savi is the proven leader in global supply chain security and asset management. The Savi SmartChain™ suite of asset management, security and collaboration software applications is uniquely integrated with automatic data collection and identification systems to provide real-time logistics management solutions. Savi Technology works with leading freight transportation carriers, shippers, service providers and owners of supply chain assets to create unique solutions that ensure vastly superior management, visibility, and security of shipments. For more information please visit: www.savi.com.

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